Air Purifier Technologies / Types of Air Purifiers
Choosing an air purifier technology or type of air purifier can be a pretty daunting task; with so many varieties and so much marketing hype and promotion by the various air purifier manufacturers, it can be difficult to make a confident, informed decision. Our goal is to help give you an unbiased review of the most common air purification technologies on the market today, as well as some insights into some new technologies that are gaining interest in the market. As a distributor for a variety of manufacturers, we want to assist you in identifying the air purifier best suited to your own specific needs and budget. Certain technologies are typically best suited to specific types of contaminants; in many cases, an air purifier that incorporates more than one technology, or the use of 2 or more air purifiers, will give you the best results possible for your situation.
We will discuss the following air purifier technologies (click on the name of the technology in the chart for detailed information):
HEPA - recommended for particulate reduction
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Dust

excellent

Dust
Mites
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excellent
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Mold
Spores
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very good
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Pollen
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very good
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Pet
Dander
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very good

Tobacco
Smoke
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fair
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Chemicals
& VOCs
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poor

General
Odors
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fair
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Bacteria/
Viruses
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poor
Activated Carbon - recommended for chemicals and odors
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Dust
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fair

Dust
Mites
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fair
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Mold
Spores
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poor
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Pollen
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poor
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Pet
Dander
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fair

Tobacco
Smoke
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very good

Chemicals
& VOCs

very good

General
Odors
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excellent
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Bacteria/
Viruses
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poor
Electrostatic Precipitators - not recommended
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Dust
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very good

Dust
Mites
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very good
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Mold
Spores
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good
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Pollen
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good
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Pet
Dander

good

Tobacco
Smoke
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fair

Chemicals
& VOCs

poor

General
Odors
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fair
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Bacteria/
Viruses
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poor
Ionic / Ion Generators - not recommended
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Dust

good

Dust
Mites

good
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Mold
Spores
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fair

Pollen

fair

Pet
Dander

fair

Tobacco
Smoke

fair

Chemicals
& VOCs

poor

General
Odors

fair

Bacteria/
Viruses
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poor
Ultraviolet Light - recommended for microorganisms
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Dust
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poor

Dust
Mites
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poor
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Mold
Spores
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fair

Pollen
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poor

Pet
Dander
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poor

Tobacco
Smoke

poor

Chemicals
& VOCs

poor

General
Odors
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poor

Bacteria/
Viruses

excellent
Incineration - recommended for microorganisms
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Dust

poor

Dust
Mites

fair

Mold
Spores

fair

Pollen

fair

Pet
Dander

poor

Tobacco
Smoke

poor

Chemicals
& VOCs

poor

General
Odors

fair

Bacteria/
Viruses

good
Ozone - WARNING: not safe for home use!

Dust

poor

Dust
Mites

poor

Mold
Spores
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fair
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Pollen
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poor
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Pet
Dander
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poor
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Tobacco
Smoke
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fair
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Chemicals
& VOCs
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poor
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General
Odors
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fair
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Bacteria/
Viruses
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fair
As you can see from our ratings, no single air purifier technology adequately addresses all contaminant classes. For this reason, most high-end air purifiers will use a variety of technologies to achieve broad-spectrum contaminant removal across all major contaminant groups. For instance, both the Austin Air and Airpura brands use a combination of a HEPA filter (for particulate contaminants like dust, dust mites, mold spores, pollen and pet dander) and an activated carbon filter (to remove harmful gasses, chemicals, smoke, and odors). Airpura also offers an optional UV sterilizer to improve effectiveness against microbiological contaminants like bacteria.
It is also important to note that just because an air purifier uses a specific technology, it does not necessarily mean that it can effectively remove the types of contaminants that the technology can normally remove. For example, many inexpensive air purifiers contain an activated carbon or "charcoal" filter, but they often contain only a very small amount of carbon and are almost completely useless at removing odors and airborne chemicals.